Aquemini

Label:	LaFace Records 73008-26053-1
Genre:	Hip Hop
Style:	Reggae, Gangsta, Soul, Conscious
Format:	3 Vinyl (LP , Album)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis, OutKast	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	5:24
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize Productions » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon	3:15
B1	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	5:19
B2	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Producer: OutKast	5:11
B3	Slump » Producer: OutKast	5:09
C1	West Savannah » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:03
C2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	3:43
C3	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	2:48
D1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	5:52
D2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	7:07
E1	Y'all Scared » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Moll	4:50
E2	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast	6:10
F1	Nathaniel	1:10
F2	Liberation » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Featuring]: Cee-Lo » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	8:46

» Art Direction, Design: D.L. Warfield
» Creative Director [Creative Coordination]: Courtney Taylor
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, Outkast
» Illustration [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Management: Michael "Blue" Williams
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner

Label:	LaFace Records 73008-26053-2
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	CD (Album)

1	Hold On, Be Strong » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Kalimba: Andre Benjamin » Producer: Donny Mathis » Vocals: 4.0	1:11
2	Return Of The "G" » Arranged By [Orchestral], Conductor [Concert Master]: Charles Veal » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Wil » Bass [Moog]: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Katy Teasdale » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit » Strings, Woodwind: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Written-By: Giorgio Morodor, Organized Noize	4:49
3	Rosa Parks » Acoustic Guitar: Donny Mathis » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Guitar [Outro]: Martin Terry » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Mixed By [Assisted By]: John Horesco, IV » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker » Written-By: Corey Woods, Morton Stevens, Organized Noize	3:15
5	Aquemini » Arranged By [Horns]: Earthtone » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0 » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Bass, Piano, Synthesizer: Earthtone, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: George Clinton	5:11
7	Slump » Acoustic Guitar, Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Additional]: Frederick "Cool Breeze" Bell, Jamahr "Backbone" Williams » Recorded By [Assisted By]: Alberto Perez » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin » Written-By: Frederick Bell, Jamahr Williams	5:09
8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis » Written-By: Organized Noize	4:03
9	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Backing Vocals: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: David Sheats	3:43
10	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Bass, Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Written-By: David Sheats	2:48
11	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Additional]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Buullllllll!, Masada » Written-By: Erin Johnson, Masada Hogans, Organized Noize	5:52
12	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Backing Vocals, Vocals [Additional]: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Vocals [Female]: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty » Written-By: Patrick Brown	7:07
13	Y'All Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar [Lead]: Tomi Martin » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Mr. DJ » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo » Written-By: Cameron Gipp, David Sheats, Robert Barnett, Willie Knight, Jr.	4:50
14	Nathaniel » Voice: Nathaniel	1:10
15	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Additional]: Ruben Bailey » Vocals [Additional]: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi Gilliam, Whild Peach » Written-By: Erica Wright, Joi Gilliam, Myrna Crenshaw, Ruben Bailey, Thomas Burton	8:46
16	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Art Direction, Design: D.L. Warfield
» Art Direction, Design [Assisted By]: Nigel Sawyer
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Executive-Producer: Kenneth B. Edmonds, Antonio M. Reid, ONP, OutKast
» Illustration [Cover]: Greg Hawkins
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: NealHPogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 9 to 13, 15, 16)
» Photography By: Tom Smugala
» Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats (Track 9, 10, 13), Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Rap: Dre (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 12, 15, 16), Big Boi (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 10, 12, 13, 15, 16), NealHPogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 9, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)
» Recorded By [Assisted By]: Jason Rome (Track 6, 7, 10, 13), Jason Stokes (Track 6, 7, 10, 15), Kenny Stallworth (Track 3, 5, 9, 13, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 3, 6, 16)
» Written-By: Andre Benjamin (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 13, 15, 16), Antwan Patton (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)

Label:	Arista 73008-26053-2
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	CD (Album)

1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis » Voice: 4.0	1:12
2	Return Of The "G" » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Will » Bass: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Orchestra: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit	4:49
3	Rosa Parks » Guitar: Martin Terry » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Scratches: Mr. DJ » Vocals: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker	3:15
5	Aquemini » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman » Scratches: Mr. DJ » Vocals: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0, George Clinton » Bass: Earthtone III, Kenneth Wright » Congas: Rajinder Kala » Synthesizer, Piano: Earthtone III, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	5:11
7	Slump » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Rap [Featuring]: Backbone, Cool Breeze » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin	5:08
8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis	4:03
9	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Backing Vocals: Sleepy Brown » Congas: Rajinder Kala » Producer: Mr. DJ	3:42
10	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Bass: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Producer: Mr. DJ	2:47
11	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Rap [Featuring]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals: Masada Hogans	5:52
12	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman » Vocals: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty, Sleepy Brown	7:06
13	Y'all Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Producer: Mr. DJ » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo	4:50
14	Nathaniel	1:09
15	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Featuring]: Big Rube » Vocals: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi, Whild Peach	8:45
16	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Art Direction, Design: D.L. Warfield
» Artwork: Greg Hawkins, Nigel Sawyer
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4 to 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Creative Director: Courtney Taylor
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, OutKast
» Guitar: Donny Mathis (Track 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10)
» Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman (Track 9, 10, 13)
» Management: Michael "Blue" Williams
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: Neal Pogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 10 to 13, 15, 16)
» Percussion: Omar Phillips (Track 5, 12, 15)
» Photography By: Tom Smugala
» Producer: Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 9, 12, 13, 15, 16), Neal Pogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 10, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)

Label:	Simply Vinyl S160 012
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	2 Vinyl (LP , Album)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis, OutKast	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	5:24
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize Productions » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon	3:15
A5	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast	5:19
B1	Synthesizer » Featuring: George Clinton » Producer: OutKast	5:11
B2	Slump » Producer: OutKast	5:09
B3	West Savannah » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:03
B4	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: Mr. DJ	3:43
B5	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: Mr. DJ	2:48
C1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	5:52
C2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	7:07
C3	Y'All Scared » Producer: Mr. DJ » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo	4:50
D1	Nathaniel	1:10
D2	Liberaton » Producer: OutKast	8:46
D3	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast » Rap [Featuring]: Cee-Lo	6:10

» Producer: Mr. DJ (Track C2, C3, E1), Organized Noize Productions (Track A2, A4, C1, D1), OutKast (Track A1, A3, B1, B2, B3, D2, E2, F2)

Label:	LaFace Records LFL-6056
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	3 Vinyl (LP)

A1	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	3:42
A2	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	4:24
A3	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	3:20
B1	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast	4:54
B2	Synthesizer » Producer: OutKast	3:38
B3	Slump » Producer: OutKast	4:06
C1	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: Mr. DJ	3:24
C2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: Mr. DJ	2:51
D1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	5:39
D2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	7:08
E1	Y'all Scared » Producer: Mr. DJ	4:49
E2	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast	5:19
F	Liberation » Producer: OutKast	8:51

» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, Outkast
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner

Label:	BMG Japan BVCQ-27053 (73008-26053-2)
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	CD (Album , Reissue)

1	Hold On, Be Strong » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Kalimba: Andre Benjamin » Producer: Donny Mathis » Vocals: 4.0	1:11
2	Return Of The "G" » Arranged By [Orchestral], Conductor [Concert Master]: Charles Veal » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Wil » Bass [Moog]: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Katy Teasdale » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit » Strings, Woodwind: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Written-By: Giorgio Morodor, Organized Noize	4:49
3	Rosa Parks » Acoustic Guitar: Donny Mathis » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Guitar [Outro]: Martin Terry » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Mixed By [Assisted By]: John Horesco, IV » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker » Written-By: Corey Woods, Morton Stevens, Organized Noize	3:15
5	Aquemini » Arranged By [Horns]: Earthtone » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0 » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Bass, Piano, Synthesizer: Earthtone, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: George Clinton	5:11
7	Slump » Acoustic Guitar, Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Additional]: Frederick "Cool Breeze" Bell, Jamahr "Backbone" Williams » Recorded By [Assisted By]: Alberto Perez » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin » Written-By: Frederick Bell, Jamahr Williams	5:09
8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis » Written-By: Organized Noize	4:03
9	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Backing Vocals: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: David Sheats	3:43
10	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Bass, Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Written-By: David Sheats	2:48
11	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Additional]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Buullllllll!, Masada » Written-By: Erin Johnson, Masada Hogans, Organized Noize	5:52
12	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Backing Vocals, Vocals [Additional]: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Vocals [Female]: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty » Written-By: Patrick Brown	7:07
13	Y'All Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar [Lead]: Tomi Martin » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Mr. DJ » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo » Written-By: Cameron Gipp, David Sheats, Robert Barnett, Willie Knight, Jr.	4:50
14	Nathaniel » Voice: Nathaniel	1:10
15	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Additional]: Ruben Bailey » Vocals [Additional]: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi Gilliam, Whild Peach » Written-By: Erica Wright, Joi Gilliam, Myrna Crenshaw, Ruben Bailey, Thomas Burton	8:46
16	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Artwork By [Assisted By]: Nigel Sawyer
» Artwork By [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Artwork By [Direction & Design]: D.L. Warfield
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, OutKast
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: NealHPogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 9 to 13, 15, 16)
» Photography: Tom Smugala
» Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats (Track 9, 10, 13), Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Rap: Dre (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 12, 15, 16), Big Boi (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 10, 12, 13, 15, 16), NealHPogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 9, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)
» Recorded By [Assisted By]: Jason Rome (Track 6, 7, 10, 13), Jason Stokes (Track 6, 7, 10, 15), Kenny Stallworth (Track 3, 5, 9, 13, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 3, 6, 16)
» Written-By: Andre Benjamin (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 13, 15, 16), Antwan Patton (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)

Label:	LaFace Records 73008 26053 1
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	3 Vinyl (LP , Album)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis, OutKast	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	5:24
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize Productions » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon	3:15
B1	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast	5:19
B2	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Producer: OutKast	5:11
B3	Slump » Producer: OutKast	5:09
C1	West Savannah » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:03
C2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: Mr. DJ	3:43
C3	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: Mr. DJ	2:48
D1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	5:52
D2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	7:07
E1	Y'all Scared » Producer: Mr. DJ » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Moll	4:50
E2	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast	6:10
F1	Nathaniel	1:10
F2	Liberation » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Featuring]: Cee-Lo	8:46

» Artwork By [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Artwork By [Direction & Design]: D.L. Warfield
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, Outkast
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner

Label:	BMG Russia 82876 74588 2
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	CD (Album)

1	Hold On, Be Strong » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Kalimba: Andre Benjamin » Producer: Donny Mathis » Vocals: 4.0	1:11
2	Return Of The "G" » Arranged By [Orchestral], Conductor [Concert Master]: Charles Veal » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Will » Bass [Moog]: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Katy Teasdale » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit » Strings, Woodwind: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Written-By: Giorgio Moroder, Organized Noize	4:49
3	Rosa Parks » Acoustic Guitar: Donny Mathis » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Guitar [Outro]: Martin Terry » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Mixed By [Assisted By]: John Horesco IV » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker » Written-By: Corey Woods, Morton Stevens, Organized Noize	3:15
5	Aquemini » Arranged By [Horns]: Earthtone » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0 » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Bass, Piano, Synthesizer: Earthtone, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: George Clinton	5:11
7	Slump » Acoustic Guitar, Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Additional]: Frederick "Cool Breeze" Bell, Jamahr "Backbone" Williams » Recorded By [Assisted By]: Alberto Perez » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin » Written-By: Frederick Bell, Jamahr Williams	5:09
8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis » Written-By: Organized Noize	4:03
9	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Backing Vocals: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: David Sheats	3:43
10	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Bass, Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Written-By: David Sheats	2:48
11	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Additional]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Buullllllll!, Masada » Written-By: Erin Johnson, Masada Hogans, Organized Noize	5:52
12	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Backing Vocals, Vocals [Additional]: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Vocals [Female]: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty » Written-By: Patrick Brown	7:07
13	Y'All Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar [Lead]: Tomi Martin » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Mr. DJ » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo » Written-By: Cameron Gipp, David Sheats, Robert Barnett, Willie Knight, Jr.	4:50
14	Nathaniel » Voice: Nathaniel	1:10
15	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Additional]: Ruben Bailey » Vocals [Additional]: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi Gilliam, Whild Peach » Written-By: Erica Wright, Joi Gilliam, Myrna Crenshaw, Ruben Bailey, Thomas Burton	8:46
16	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Artwork By [Assisted By]: Nigel Sawyer
» Artwork By [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Artwork By [Direction & Design]: D.L. Warfield
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, OutKast
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: NealHPogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 9 to 13, 15, 16)
» Photography: Tom Smugala
» Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats (Track 9, 10, 13), Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Rap: Andre 3000 (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 12, 15, 16), Big Boi (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 10, 12, 13, 15, 16), NealHPogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 9, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)
» Recorded By [Assisted By]: Jason Rome (Track 6, 7, 10, 13), Jason Stokes (Track 6, 7, 10, 15), Kenny Stallworth (Track 3, 5, 9, 13, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 3, 6, 16)
» Written-By: Andre Benjamin (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 13, 15, 16), Antwan Patton (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)

Label:	LaFace Records 73008-26053-2
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	CD (Album)

1	Hold On, Be Strong » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Kalimba: Andre Benjamin » Producer: Donny Mathis » Vocals: 4.0	1:11
2	Return Of The "G" » Arranged By [Orchestral], Conductor [Concert Master]: Charles Veal » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Wil » Bass [Moog]: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Katy Teasdale » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit » Strings, Woodwind: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Written-By: Giorgio Morodor, Organized Noize	4:49
3	Rosa Parks » Acoustic Guitar: Donny Mathis » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Guitar [Outro]: Martin Terry » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Mixed By [Assisted By]: John Horesco, IV » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker » Written-By: Corey Woods, Morton Stevens, Organized Noize	3:15
5	Aquemini » Arranged By [Horns]: Earthtone » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0 » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Bass, Piano, Synthesizer: Earthtone, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: George Clinton	5:11
7	Slump » Acoustic Guitar, Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Additional]: Frederick "Cool Breeze" Bell, Jamahr "Backbone" Williams » Recorded By [Assisted By]: Alberto Perez » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin » Written-By: Frederick Bell, Jamahr Williams	5:09
8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis » Written-By: Organized Noize	4:03
9	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Backing Vocals: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: David Sheats	3:43
10	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Bass, Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Written-By: David Sheats	2:48
11	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Additional]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Buullllllll!, Masada » Written-By: Erin Johnson, Masada Hogans, Organized Noize	5:52
12	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Backing Vocals, Vocals [Additional]: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Vocals [Female]: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty » Written-By: Patrick Brown	7:07
13	Y'All Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar [Lead]: Tomi Martin » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Mr. DJ » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo » Written-By: Cameron Gipp, David Sheats, Robert Barnett, Willie Knight, Jr.	4:50
14	Nathaniel » Voice: Nathaniel	1:10
15	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Additional]: Ruben Bailey » Vocals [Additional]: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi Gilliam, Whild Peach » Written-By: Erica Wright, Joi Gilliam, Myrna Crenshaw, Ruben Bailey, Thomas Burton	8:46
16	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Artwork By [Assisted By]: Nigel Sawyer
» Artwork By [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Artwork By [Direction & Design]: D.L. Warfield
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, OutKast
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: NealHPogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 9 to 13, 15, 16)
» Photography: Tom Smugala
» Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats (Track 9, 10, 13), Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Rap: Dre (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 12, 15, 16), Big Boi (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 10, 12, 13, 15, 16), NealHPogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 9, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)
» Recorded By [Assisted By]: Jason Rome (Track 6, 7, 10, 13), Jason Stokes (Track 6, 7, 10, 15), Kenny Stallworth (Track 3, 5, 9, 13, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 3, 6, 16)
» Written-By: Andre Benjamin (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 13, 15, 16), Antwan Patton (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)

Label:	LaFace Records LFL-6153
Genre:	Hip Hop
Style:	Soul, Conscious
Format:	3 Vinyl (LP , Album)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis, OutKast	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	4:07
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize Productions » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon	3:19
B1	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	4:53
B2	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Producer: OutKast	4:28
B3	Slump » Producer: OutKast	4:47
C1	West Savannah » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	3:29
C2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	3:23
C3	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	2:52
D1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize Productions	5:36
D2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	5:58
E1	Y'all Scared » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo	5:02
E2	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast	5:20
F	Liberation » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Featuring]: Cee-Lo » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	5:02

» Executive-producer: Kenneth B. Edmonds, Antonio M. Reid, ONP, OutKast

Label:	LaFace Records 73008-26053-4
Genre:	Hip Hop
Format:	Cassette (Album)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Kalimba: Andre Benjamin » Producer: Donny Mathis » Vocals: 4.0	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Arranged By [Orchestral], Conductor [Concert Master]: Charles Veal » Backing Vocals: Khujo, Lil' Wil » Bass [Moog]: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Josh Butler » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Katy Teasdale » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Recorded By: Jean B. Smit » Strings, Woodwind: South Central Chamber Orchestra » Written-By: Giorgio Morodor, Organized Noize	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Acoustic Guitar: Donny Mathis » Guitar [Electric]: Preston Crump » Guitar [Outro]: Martin Terry » Harmonica: Pastor Robert Hodo » Mixed By [Assisted By]: John Horesco, IV » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Debra Killings, Playa Paul	5:24
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Guitar: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon » Recorded By: Kevin Parker » Written-By: Corey Woods, Morton Stevens, Organized Noize	3:15
A5	Aquemini » Arranged By [Horns]: Earthtone » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Craig Love, Preston Crump » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Rico Lumpkin » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Scratches [Cuts]: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Ahjahne Green, Sonja Mickey	5:19
A6	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals: 4.0 » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Bass, Piano, Synthesizer: Earthtone, Kenneth Wright, Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: George Clinton	5:11
A7	Slump » Acoustic Guitar, Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Backing Vocals: Theresa Hightower » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Additional]: Frederick "Cool Breeze" Bell, Jamahr "Backbone" Williams » Recorded By [Assisted By]: Alberto Perez » Vocals [Baby]: Seven Sirius Benjamin » Written-By: Frederick Bell, Jamahr Williams	5:09
A8	West Savannah » Bass: LaMarquis Jefferson » Guitar: Craig Love » Mixed By: Jonnie "Most" Davis » Written-By: Organized Noize	4:03
B1	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 1) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Backing Vocals: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Congas: Rajinder "Conga Man" Kala » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Vernon J. Mungo » Written-By: David Sheats	3:43
B2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Part 2) » Arranged By, Mixed By: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Bass, Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Guitar [Lead]: Donny Mathis » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Written-By: David Sheats	2:48
B3	Mamacita » Bass: Skinny Miracles » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Programmed By [Music]: Organized Noize » Rap [Additional]: Witchdoctor » Synthesizer: Mr. DJ » Vocals [Additional]: Buullllllll!, Masada » Written-By: Erin Johnson, Masada Hogans, Organized Noize	5:52
B4	SpottieOttieDopaliscious » Backing Vocals, Vocals [Additional]: Pat "Sleepy" Brown » Drums: Victor Alexander » Guitar: Martin Terry » Horns: Darian Emory, Jerry Freeman, Jr. » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Vocals [Female]: Andrea Nivet, Delvida Flaherty » Written-By: Patrick Brown	7:07
B5	Y'All Scared » Backing Vocals: "Slim" Jim Smith, Jermaine Smith » Guitar [Lead]: Tomi Martin » Keyboards: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Mixed By: Mr. DJ » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Claudine Pontier » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Mo » Written-By: Cameron Gipp, David Sheats, Robert Barnett, Willie Knight, Jr.	4:50
B6	Nathaniel » Voice: Nathaniel	1:10
B7	Liberation » Drums: Victor Alexander » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Jason Stokes » Percussion: Omar Phillips » Piano: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman » Rap [Additional]: Ruben Bailey » Vocals [Additional]: Cee-Lo, Erykah Badu, Joi Gilliam, Whild Peach » Written-By: Erica Wright, Joi Gilliam, Myrna Crenshaw, Ruben Bailey, Thomas Burton	8:46
B8	Chonkyfire » Guitar: Tomi Martin » Mixed By [Assisted By]: Shawn Grove » Piano, Synthesizer: Marvin "Chanz" Parkman	6:10

» Art Direction, Design: D.L. Warfield
» Art Direction, Design [Assisted By]: Nigel Sawyer
» Bass: Preston Crump (Track 1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15)
» Executive-Producer: Kenneth B. Edmonds, Antonio M. Reid, ONP, OutKast
» Illustration [Cover]: Greg Hawkins
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner
» Mixed By: NealHPogue (Track 1, 3 to 7, 9 to 13, 15, 16)
» Photography By: Tom Smugala
» Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats (Track 9, 10, 13), Organized Noize (Track 2, 4, 8, 11), OutKast (Track 1, 3, 5 to 7, 12, 15, 16)
» Rap: Dre (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 12, 15, 16), Big Boi (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)
» Recorded By: Bernasky Wall (Track 2, 4, 11), Blake Eiseman (Track 5, 6, 15, 16), John Frye (Track 3, 5 to 10, 12, 13, 15, 16), NealHPogue (Track 1, 3, 7 to 9, 15, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13), Ryan Williams (Track 3, 6, 15, 16)
» Recorded By [Assisted By]: Jason Rome (Track 6, 7, 10, 13), Jason Stokes (Track 6, 7, 10, 15), Kenny Stallworth (Track 3, 5, 9, 13, 16), Ralph Cacciurri (Track 3, 6, 16)
» Written-By: Andre Benjamin (Track 2 to 6, 9 to 13, 15, 16), Antwan Patton (Track 2 to 13, 15, 16)

Label:	LaFace Records 73008-26053-1
Genre:	Hip Hop
Style:	Gangsta, Soul, Conscious
Format:	3 Vinyl (LP , Album , Repress)

A1	Hold On, Be Strong » Producer: Donny Mathis, OutKast	1:11
A2	Return Of The "G" » Producer: Organized Noize	4:49
A3	Rosa Parks » Producer: OutKast	5:24
A4	Skew It On The Bar-B » Producer: Organized Noize » Rap [Featuring]: Raekwon	3:15
B1	Aquemini » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	5:19
B2	Synthesizer » Backing Vocals [Featuring]: George Clinton » Producer: OutKast	5:11
B3	Slump » Producer: OutKast	5:09
C1	West Savannah » Producer: Organized Noize	4:03
C2	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 1) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	3:43
C3	Da Art Of Storytellin' (Pt. 2) » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats	2:48
D1	Mamacita » Producer: Organized Noize	5:52
D2	SpottieOttieDopalicious » Producer: OutKast	7:07
E1	Y'all Scared » Producer: David "Mr. DJ" Sheats » Rap [Featuring]: Big Gipp, Khujo, T-Moll	4:50
E2	Chonkyfire » Producer: OutKast	6:10
F1	Nathaniel	1:10
F2	Liberation » Producer: OutKast » Vocals [Featuring]: Cee-Lo » Vocals [Uncredited]: Erykah Badu	8:46

» Art Direction, Design: D.L. Warfield
» Creative Director [Creative Coordinatior]: Courtney Taylor
» Executive Producer: Antonio M. Reid, Kenneth B. Edmonds, ONP, Outkast
» Illustration [Cover Illustration]: Greg Hawkins
» Management: Michael "Blue" Williams
» Mastered By: Brian "Big Bass" Gardner